SITUATING COLLEGIALITY WITHIN SYNODALITY
Keywords:
Church Reform, Clericalism, Collegiality, Hierarchy, People of God, Primacy, SynodalityAbstract
Hierarchy and ordained ministry must be understood in the light of the ecclesiology of the People of God. The juxtaposition of chapters two [People of God] and three [Hierarchy] of Lumen Gentium, led to a concentration of power and authority in the Hierarchy and contributed to the consolidation of a clericalized institutional culture. The need to situate Hierarchy within the People of God, as one more faithful, is fundamental for a synodal Church. Synodality offers the most adequate interpretative framework for understanding and reforming hierarchical ministry, and opens the way to overcome institutionalized clericalism. As a constitutive dimension of the Church, Synodality implies a new way of proceeding that needs to be learned, affecting styles of living, mentalities and structures. But, as Francis has reminded, it is impossible to think of an ecclesial conversion that does not include the active participation of all the members of God’s People, not only in processes of consultation, but also in decision-making, decision-taking and their execution at all levels, including Church governance.
References
“Clericalism—that desire to lord it over lay people—signifies an erroneous and destructive separation of the clergy, a type of narcissism.” Interview given by Pope Francis to Father Antonio Spadaro SJ in L’Osservatore Romano, weekly Spanish edition, Year XLV, 39 (2,333), Friday 27 September 2013.
“The socialization, the identification, the putting into words, the symbolic anticipation becomes something truly important only in the fabric of human existence through the mediation of the structures of acceptance, which are those relational elements that allow for the establishment, in and from the present, of creative linkage with the past for the sake of imagining and configuring the future.” Lluís Duch, Educación y crisis de la modernidad, Barcelona: Paidós, 1997, 27.
“This ecclesiology gives rise to a dual model of Church in which the Church of the clergy is superior and more ‘holy’ when compared with the Church of the laity.” Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse... 620.
Acta Synodalia Sacrosancti Concilii Oecumenici Vaticani II, 32 volumes, Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, Vatican City, 1970–99, 1/4, 142.
Alberto Parra, “El proceso de sacerdotalización. Una histórica interpretación de los ministerios eclesiales,” Theologica Xaveriana 28 (1978) 79–100.
Alphonse Borras, “Sinodalità ecclesiale, processi partecipati e modalità decisionali,” Carlos María Galli–Antonio Spadaro, ed., La riforma e le riforme nella Chiesa, Brescia: Queriniana, 2016, 208.
Alphonse Borras, “Votum tantum consultivum. Les limites ecclesiologiques d'une formule canonique,” 145–62.
Ángela Rinaldi, “Abuso sexual de menores y corrupción estructural,” in Daniel Portillo, ed., Tolerancia Cero, Mexico-Madrid: CEPROME-PPC, 2019, 33.
Antonio José de Almeida, “Laicos y laicas en la práctica de la sinodalidad,” in Rafael Luciani, ed., Reforma de estructuras y conversión de mentalidades. Retos y desafíos para una Iglesia Sinodal, Madrid: KHAF, 2020, 243–276.
Aparecida, 5th General Conference of the Latin American and Caribbean Bishops, 371.
Bernardo Bayona Aznar, “Nacimiento, letargo y renacimiento de la colegialidad en el Concilio Vaticano II,” Didaskalia 45, 1 (2015) 117–134.
Carlos María Galli, “La figura sinodal de la Iglesia según la Comisión Teológica Internacional,” in Rafael Luciani, ed., La sinodalidad en la vida de la Iglesia. Reflexiones para contribuir a la reforma eclesial, Madrid: San Pablo, 2020, 17–40.
Dario Vitali, “The Circularity between Sensus Fidei and Magisterium as a Criterion for the Exercise of synodality in the Church,” in Carlos M. Galli and Antonio Spadaro SJ, ed., For a Missionary Reform of the Church, 196–217.
Emile-Joseph De Smedt, The Priesthood of the Faithful, New York: Paulist Press, 1962, 89–90.
Francis, Christmas Address to the Roman Curia, December 21, 2020 http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/speeches/2020/december/documents/papa-francesco_20201221_curia-romana.html
Francis, Christmas Greetings to the Roman Curia, 21 December 2013, http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/speeches/2013/december/documents/papa-francesco_20131221_auguri-curia-romana.html
Francis, Discourse at the Commemoration of 50th Anniversary of the Institution of the Synod of Bishops, 17 October 2015, http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/ speeches/2015/october/documents/papa-francesco_20151017_50-anniversario-sinodo.html
Francis, Discourse to the Curia. Christmas Greetings for the Roman Curia, 22 December 2014, http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/speeches/2014/ december/documents/papa-francesco_20141222_curia-romana.html
Francis, Letter to Cardinal Marc Ouellet, President of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America, 19 March 2016, http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/ letters/2016/documents/papa-francesco_20160319_pont-comm-america-latina.html
Francis, Letter to the People of God. 20 August 2018, http://www.vatican.va/ content/francesco/en/letters/2018/documents/papa-francesco_20180820_lettera-popolo-didio.html
Francis, Letter to the Pilgrim People of God in Chile, 31 May 2018, http://www.va/ content/francesco/es/letters/2018/documents/papa-francesco_20180531_lettera-popolodidio-cile.html
Francis, Opening of the XV Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops. Address at the Opening of the Synod of Bishops on Young People, the Faith and Vocational Discernment, 3 October 2018, http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/speeches/ 2018/october/documents/papa-francesco_20181003_apertura-sinodo.html
Francis, The Sovereignty of the People of God. Meeting of the Pope with the Jesuits of Mozambique and Madagascar, 5 September 2019. Published in: https://www. laciviltacattolica.com/the-sovereignty-of-the-people-of-god-the-pontiff-meets-the-jesuits-of-mozambique-and-madagascar/.
Gilles Routhier, “Évangilie et modèle de sociabilité,” Laval Théologique et Philosophique 51, 1 (1995) 69.
Herve Legrand, “Reception, Sensus Fidelium, and Synodal Life: An Effort at Articulation,” Jurist 57 (1997) 405–431.
International Theological Commission, Synodality in the Life and Mission of the Church, 2 March 2018, 54, http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ cfaith/cti_documents/rc_cti_20180302_sinodalita_sp.html
Jörg Fegert, Michael Kölch, Elisa König, Daniela Harsch, Susanne Witte, Ulrike Hoffmann, ed., Schutz vor sexueller Gewalt und Übergriffen in Institutionen, Universitäts Klinkum, Ulm: Springer, 2018, 305, 309.
Juan Fornés, “Notas sobre el ‘Duo sunt genera Christianorum’ del Decreto de Graciano,” Ius canonicum 60 (1990) 607–632.
Karl Rahner, Cambio estructural de la Iglesia, Madrid: PPC, 2014, 85 (Orig. Strukturwandel der Kirche als Aufgabe und Chance, Freiburg-Basel-Wien: Herder, 1972).
Myriam Wijlens, “Reform and Renewal Implementing Vatican II,” in Carlos M. Galli and Antonio Spadaro SJ, ed., For a Missionary Reform of the Church. The Civiltà Cattolica Seminar, New York: Paulist Press, 2017, 336–357.
On sexual abuse see Carlos Schickendantz, “Fracaso institucional de un modelo teológico-cultural de Iglesia Factores sistémicos en la crisis de los abusos,” Teología y Vida 60 (2019) 9–40.
Pedro Trigo, Concilio Plenario Venezolano. Una constituyente para nuestras Iglesia, Caracas: Centro Gumilla, 2009, 329.
Pedro Trigo, Concilio Plenario Venezolano. Una constituyente para nuestras Iglesia, Caracas: Centro Gumilla, 2009
Peter De Mey, “Church Renewal and Reform in the Documents of Vatican II: History, Theology, Terminology,” Jurist 71 (2011) 369-400
Peter De Mey, “Synodality as a Key Component of the Pontificate of Pope Francis: The Difficult Way from Theory to Practice,” in Mark D. Chapman and Vladimir
Latinovic, ed., Changing the Church. Transformations of Christian Belief, Practice, and Life, Switzerland: Palgrave MacMillan, 2020, 323–331.
Rafael Luciani, “La reforma como conversión pastoral y sinodal. Eclesiogénesis de una recepción conciliar,” Rafael Luciani, ed., Reforma de estructuras y conversión de mentalidades. Retos y desafíos para una Iglesia Sinodal, 173–202.
Rafael Luciani, “Lo que afecta a todos debe ser tratado y aprobado por todos. Hacia estructuras de participación y poder de decisión compartido,” Revista CLAR LVIII/1 (2020) 59–66.
Rafael Luciani, “Medellín como acontecimiento sinodal. Una colegialidad fecundada y completada,” Horizonte 50 (2018) 482–516. Also, Rafael Luciani, “From Collegiality to Synodality in Latin America,” Asian Horizons: Dharmaram Journal of Theology 14 (2020) 151–166.
Rafael Luciani, “Reforma, conversión pastoral y sinodalidad. Un nuevo modo eclesial de proceder,” Rafael Luciani, ed., La sinodalidad en la vida de la Iglesia. Reflexiones para contribuir a la reforma eclesial, San Pablo, Madrid 2020, 41–66.
Rafael Luciani, ed., La sinodalidad en la vida de la Iglesia. Reflexiones para contribuir a la reforma eclesial, Madrid: San Pablo, 2020, 293–328.
Ronaldo Muñoz, Nueva conciencia de la Iglesia en América Latina, Salamanca: Sígueme, 1974, 361.
Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse. Final Report. Volume 16. Book 2, Commonwealth of Australia 2017, 616, https://www.childabuseroyalcommission.gov.au/final-report
Sandra Arenas, “Ecclesial Extroversion. On the Reform in the Current Pontificate,” in Mark D. Chapman and Vladimir Latinovic, ed., Changing the Church. Transformations of Christian Belief, Practice, and Life, Switzerland: Palgrave MacMillan, 2020, 315–322
Serena Noceti, “What Structures are Needed for a Reform of the Church,” Concilium 4 (2018) 85–100; Joseph Komonchak, “People of God, Hierarchical Structure, and Communion: An Easy Fit?” in Canon Law Society of America, Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Convention (1998) 91–102.
Severino Dianich, Diritto e Teologia. Eclesiologia e canonistica per una riforma della Chiesa, Bologna: EDB, 2015, 123.
Sexueller Missbrauch an Minderjährigen durch katholische Priester, Diakone und männliche Ordensangehörige im Bereich der Deutschen Bischofskonferenz, Mannheim-Heidelberg-Giessen, September 2018, https://bistumlimburg.de/fileadmin/ redaktion/Bereiche/missbrauch/MHG-Studie-gesamt.pdf
The Causes and Context of Sexual Abuse of Minors by the Catholic Church in the United States between 1950-2010, 87.91.92. Study done in 2002 by the John Jay College of Criminal Justice of City University of New York at the request of the U.S. Catholic Bishops’ Conference, https://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/research/ageofinquiry/biogs/E000235b.htm
The complete interview was published here: “La unidad de la Iglesia en la lógica del Vaticano II. El cardenal Suenens contesta las preguntas de José Broucker,” El Ciervo 184 (June 1969) 5.
This is a phrase of Mons. De Smedt during the Council found here.Acta Synodalia Sacrosancti Concilii Oecumenici Vaticani II, 32 tomos, Ciudad del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1970-99, 1/4, 143.
Venezuelan Bishops’ Conference, Documentos del Concilio Plenario Venezolano, CEV, Caracas, 2006
Yves Congar, True and False Reform in the Church, Minnesota: Liturgical Press, 2011, 153–154. Be it noted that the first edition of this work was published in 1950.
Yves Marie Congar, “Quod omnes tangit ab omnibus tractari et opprobari debet,” Revue historique de droit français et étranger 36 (1958) 210–259.
“The socialization, the identification, the putting into words, the symbolic anticipation becomes something truly important only in the fabric of human existence through the mediation of the structures of acceptance, which are those relational elements that allow for the establishment, in and from the present, of creative linkage with the past for the sake of imagining and configuring the future.” Lluís Duch, Educación y crisis de la modernidad, Barcelona: Paidós, 1997, 27.
“This ecclesiology gives rise to a dual model of Church in which the Church of the clergy is superior and more ‘holy’ when compared with the Church of the laity.” Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse... 620.
Acta Synodalia Sacrosancti Concilii Oecumenici Vaticani II, 32 volumes, Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, Vatican City, 1970–99, 1/4, 142.
Alberto Parra, “El proceso de sacerdotalización. Una histórica interpretación de los ministerios eclesiales,” Theologica Xaveriana 28 (1978) 79–100.
Alphonse Borras, “Sinodalità ecclesiale, processi partecipati e modalità decisionali,” Carlos María Galli–Antonio Spadaro, ed., La riforma e le riforme nella Chiesa, Brescia: Queriniana, 2016, 208.
Alphonse Borras, “Votum tantum consultivum. Les limites ecclesiologiques d'une formule canonique,” 145–62.
Ángela Rinaldi, “Abuso sexual de menores y corrupción estructural,” in Daniel Portillo, ed., Tolerancia Cero, Mexico-Madrid: CEPROME-PPC, 2019, 33.
Antonio José de Almeida, “Laicos y laicas en la práctica de la sinodalidad,” in Rafael Luciani, ed., Reforma de estructuras y conversión de mentalidades. Retos y desafíos para una Iglesia Sinodal, Madrid: KHAF, 2020, 243–276.
Aparecida, 5th General Conference of the Latin American and Caribbean Bishops, 371.
Bernardo Bayona Aznar, “Nacimiento, letargo y renacimiento de la colegialidad en el Concilio Vaticano II,” Didaskalia 45, 1 (2015) 117–134.
Carlos María Galli, “La figura sinodal de la Iglesia según la Comisión Teológica Internacional,” in Rafael Luciani, ed., La sinodalidad en la vida de la Iglesia. Reflexiones para contribuir a la reforma eclesial, Madrid: San Pablo, 2020, 17–40.
Dario Vitali, “The Circularity between Sensus Fidei and Magisterium as a Criterion for the Exercise of synodality in the Church,” in Carlos M. Galli and Antonio Spadaro SJ, ed., For a Missionary Reform of the Church, 196–217.
Emile-Joseph De Smedt, The Priesthood of the Faithful, New York: Paulist Press, 1962, 89–90.
Francis, Christmas Address to the Roman Curia, December 21, 2020 http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/speeches/2020/december/documents/papa-francesco_20201221_curia-romana.html
Francis, Christmas Greetings to the Roman Curia, 21 December 2013, http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/speeches/2013/december/documents/papa-francesco_20131221_auguri-curia-romana.html
Francis, Discourse at the Commemoration of 50th Anniversary of the Institution of the Synod of Bishops, 17 October 2015, http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/ speeches/2015/october/documents/papa-francesco_20151017_50-anniversario-sinodo.html
Francis, Discourse to the Curia. Christmas Greetings for the Roman Curia, 22 December 2014, http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/speeches/2014/ december/documents/papa-francesco_20141222_curia-romana.html
Francis, Letter to Cardinal Marc Ouellet, President of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America, 19 March 2016, http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/ letters/2016/documents/papa-francesco_20160319_pont-comm-america-latina.html
Francis, Letter to the People of God. 20 August 2018, http://www.vatican.va/ content/francesco/en/letters/2018/documents/papa-francesco_20180820_lettera-popolo-didio.html
Francis, Letter to the Pilgrim People of God in Chile, 31 May 2018, http://www.va/ content/francesco/es/letters/2018/documents/papa-francesco_20180531_lettera-popolodidio-cile.html
Francis, Opening of the XV Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops. Address at the Opening of the Synod of Bishops on Young People, the Faith and Vocational Discernment, 3 October 2018, http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/speeches/ 2018/october/documents/papa-francesco_20181003_apertura-sinodo.html
Francis, The Sovereignty of the People of God. Meeting of the Pope with the Jesuits of Mozambique and Madagascar, 5 September 2019. Published in: https://www. laciviltacattolica.com/the-sovereignty-of-the-people-of-god-the-pontiff-meets-the-jesuits-of-mozambique-and-madagascar/.
Gilles Routhier, “Évangilie et modèle de sociabilité,” Laval Théologique et Philosophique 51, 1 (1995) 69.
Herve Legrand, “Reception, Sensus Fidelium, and Synodal Life: An Effort at Articulation,” Jurist 57 (1997) 405–431.
International Theological Commission, Synodality in the Life and Mission of the Church, 2 March 2018, 54, http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ cfaith/cti_documents/rc_cti_20180302_sinodalita_sp.html
Jörg Fegert, Michael Kölch, Elisa König, Daniela Harsch, Susanne Witte, Ulrike Hoffmann, ed., Schutz vor sexueller Gewalt und Übergriffen in Institutionen, Universitäts Klinkum, Ulm: Springer, 2018, 305, 309.
Juan Fornés, “Notas sobre el ‘Duo sunt genera Christianorum’ del Decreto de Graciano,” Ius canonicum 60 (1990) 607–632.
Karl Rahner, Cambio estructural de la Iglesia, Madrid: PPC, 2014, 85 (Orig. Strukturwandel der Kirche als Aufgabe und Chance, Freiburg-Basel-Wien: Herder, 1972).
Myriam Wijlens, “Reform and Renewal Implementing Vatican II,” in Carlos M. Galli and Antonio Spadaro SJ, ed., For a Missionary Reform of the Church. The Civiltà Cattolica Seminar, New York: Paulist Press, 2017, 336–357.
On sexual abuse see Carlos Schickendantz, “Fracaso institucional de un modelo teológico-cultural de Iglesia Factores sistémicos en la crisis de los abusos,” Teología y Vida 60 (2019) 9–40.
Pedro Trigo, Concilio Plenario Venezolano. Una constituyente para nuestras Iglesia, Caracas: Centro Gumilla, 2009, 329.
Pedro Trigo, Concilio Plenario Venezolano. Una constituyente para nuestras Iglesia, Caracas: Centro Gumilla, 2009
Peter De Mey, “Church Renewal and Reform in the Documents of Vatican II: History, Theology, Terminology,” Jurist 71 (2011) 369-400
Peter De Mey, “Synodality as a Key Component of the Pontificate of Pope Francis: The Difficult Way from Theory to Practice,” in Mark D. Chapman and Vladimir
Latinovic, ed., Changing the Church. Transformations of Christian Belief, Practice, and Life, Switzerland: Palgrave MacMillan, 2020, 323–331.
Rafael Luciani, “La reforma como conversión pastoral y sinodal. Eclesiogénesis de una recepción conciliar,” Rafael Luciani, ed., Reforma de estructuras y conversión de mentalidades. Retos y desafíos para una Iglesia Sinodal, 173–202.
Rafael Luciani, “Lo que afecta a todos debe ser tratado y aprobado por todos. Hacia estructuras de participación y poder de decisión compartido,” Revista CLAR LVIII/1 (2020) 59–66.
Rafael Luciani, “Medellín como acontecimiento sinodal. Una colegialidad fecundada y completada,” Horizonte 50 (2018) 482–516. Also, Rafael Luciani, “From Collegiality to Synodality in Latin America,” Asian Horizons: Dharmaram Journal of Theology 14 (2020) 151–166.
Rafael Luciani, “Reforma, conversión pastoral y sinodalidad. Un nuevo modo eclesial de proceder,” Rafael Luciani, ed., La sinodalidad en la vida de la Iglesia. Reflexiones para contribuir a la reforma eclesial, San Pablo, Madrid 2020, 41–66.
Rafael Luciani, ed., La sinodalidad en la vida de la Iglesia. Reflexiones para contribuir a la reforma eclesial, Madrid: San Pablo, 2020, 293–328.
Ronaldo Muñoz, Nueva conciencia de la Iglesia en América Latina, Salamanca: Sígueme, 1974, 361.
Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse. Final Report. Volume 16. Book 2, Commonwealth of Australia 2017, 616, https://www.childabuseroyalcommission.gov.au/final-report
Sandra Arenas, “Ecclesial Extroversion. On the Reform in the Current Pontificate,” in Mark D. Chapman and Vladimir Latinovic, ed., Changing the Church. Transformations of Christian Belief, Practice, and Life, Switzerland: Palgrave MacMillan, 2020, 315–322
Serena Noceti, “What Structures are Needed for a Reform of the Church,” Concilium 4 (2018) 85–100; Joseph Komonchak, “People of God, Hierarchical Structure, and Communion: An Easy Fit?” in Canon Law Society of America, Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Convention (1998) 91–102.
Severino Dianich, Diritto e Teologia. Eclesiologia e canonistica per una riforma della Chiesa, Bologna: EDB, 2015, 123.
Sexueller Missbrauch an Minderjährigen durch katholische Priester, Diakone und männliche Ordensangehörige im Bereich der Deutschen Bischofskonferenz, Mannheim-Heidelberg-Giessen, September 2018, https://bistumlimburg.de/fileadmin/ redaktion/Bereiche/missbrauch/MHG-Studie-gesamt.pdf
The Causes and Context of Sexual Abuse of Minors by the Catholic Church in the United States between 1950-2010, 87.91.92. Study done in 2002 by the John Jay College of Criminal Justice of City University of New York at the request of the U.S. Catholic Bishops’ Conference, https://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/research/ageofinquiry/biogs/E000235b.htm
The complete interview was published here: “La unidad de la Iglesia en la lógica del Vaticano II. El cardenal Suenens contesta las preguntas de José Broucker,” El Ciervo 184 (June 1969) 5.
This is a phrase of Mons. De Smedt during the Council found here.Acta Synodalia Sacrosancti Concilii Oecumenici Vaticani II, 32 tomos, Ciudad del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1970-99, 1/4, 143.
Venezuelan Bishops’ Conference, Documentos del Concilio Plenario Venezolano, CEV, Caracas, 2006
Yves Congar, True and False Reform in the Church, Minnesota: Liturgical Press, 2011, 153–154. Be it noted that the first edition of this work was published in 1950.
Yves Marie Congar, “Quod omnes tangit ab omnibus tractari et opprobari debet,” Revue historique de droit français et étranger 36 (1958) 210–259.
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2021-02-28
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Luciani, R. . (2021). SITUATING COLLEGIALITY WITHIN SYNODALITY. Asian Horizons, 15(1), 34–55. Retrieved from https://dvkjournals.in/index.php/ah/article/view/3773
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