ETHICS OF ORGAN DONATION AND TRANSPLANTATION
Keywords:
TRANSPLANTATION, ETHICS, ORGAN DONATIONAbstract
Biotechnology is revolutionizing medical practice throughout the
world. The growth of biotechnology in Asia is phenomenal. India is
amongst the top 12 biotech destinations in the world and second in
Asia. In 2013 the market size of Indian biotechnology industry was
$4.3 billion and is expected to rise to $11.6 billion by 2017. Biopharma
export revenues contributed to 64.5% of total export
revenues of the industry and registered 25% growth in 2013.1 Biocon
Limited, a company from Bengaluru, India achieved 6th rank among
Global ‘Top Twenty Employers’ list for the Bio-Pharma sector in the
list published by ‘Science’ Magazine in 2013.
References
http://www.ibef.org/industry/indianbiotechnology- industry-analysis-presentation [accessed: March 5, 2014].
http://www.pharmabiz.com/NewsDetails.aspx?aid= 78431&sid=2 [accessed: March 6, 2014].
Thomas A. Shannon and Nicholas J. Kockler, An Introduction to Bioethics, 4th revised and updated edition, New York: Paulist Press, 2009.
John Paul II, Encyclical Letter Veritatis Splendor (August 6, 1993).
Pontifical Council for Pastoral Assistance to Health Care Workers, Charter for Health Care Workers, Nairobi: Pauline Publications Africa, 1995, footnote 29.
Pius XII, “To the Delegates of the Italian Association of Cornea Donors and the Italian Union for the Blind, May 14, 1956” in AAS 48 (1956).
John Paul II, “Address of the Holy Father to the 18th International Congress of the Transplantation Society, August 29, 2000,” no. 1, http://www.vatican.va/ holy_father/john_paul_ii/speeches/2000/jul-sep/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_ 20000829_transplants_en.html [accessed: March 7, 2014].
John Paul II, “Address of the Holy Father to the Participants of the First International Congress of the Society for Organ Sharing, June 20, 1991,” no. 4, http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/speeches/1991/june/ documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_19910620_trapianti_ en.html [accessed: March 7, 2014].
John Paul II, Evangelium Vitae, On the Value and Inviolability of Human Life (March 25, 1995), AAS 87 (1995).
John Paul II, “Address of the Holy Father to the 18th International Congress of the Transplantation Society, August 29, 2000,”no. 1; Cf. Evangelium Vitae.
Catechism of the Catholic Church, New York: Image Book Doubleday, 1995.
John Paul II, “Address of the Holy Father to the Participants of the Society for Organ Sharing, June 20, 1991.”
Benedict XVI, “Address to Participants at an International Congress Organized by the Pontifical Academy for Life, Nov 7, 2008,” 1, http://www.vatican.va/ holy_father/benedict_xvi/speeches/2008/november/documents/hf_ben-xvi_spe_ 20081107_acdlife_en.html [accessed: March 7, 2014].
Benedict XVI, “Address to Participants at an International Congress Organized by the Pontifical Academy for Life, Nov 7, 2008.”
Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Donum Vitae, On Respect for Human Life in its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation (February 22, 1987), AAS 80 (1988).
Benedict XVI, Encyclical Letter Deus Caritas Est, On Integral Human Development in Charity and Truth (June 29, 2009), AAS 101 (2009).
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services, no. 29, http://www.usccb.org/issues-and-action/
human-life-and-dignity/health-care/upload/Ethical-Religious-Directives-Catholic - Health-Care-Services-fifth-edition-2009.pdf [accessed: March 7, 2014].
Bert Cunningham and then Gerald Kelly. Cf. William E. May, Catholic Bioethics and the Gift of Human Life, 2nd edition, Huntington, Indiana: Our Sunday Visitor, 2008.
Germain Grisez, The Way of the Lord Jesus, Vol. 2, Living a Christian Life, Quincy, IL: Franciscan Press, 1993.
Pius XII, “To the Delegates of the Italian Association of Cornea Donors and the Italian Union for the Blind, May 14, 1956.”
Zenit, “Transplants from Murder Victims, Diverging Definitions of ‘Brain Death’,” 1, http://www.zenit.org/en/articles/transplants-from-murder-victims [accessed: March 6, 2014].
Benedict XVI, “Address to Participants at an International Congress Organized by the Pontifical Academy for Life, Nov 7, 2008.”
John Paul II, “Message addressed to the Congress organized by the Pontifical Academy for Life on the justness of “xenotransplants”, as they are called scientifically, July 1, 2001,” no. 2, http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/ john_paul_ii/speeches/2001/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20010702_pc-life_en.html [accessed: March 7, 2014].
MadhavGoyal, et. al, “Economic and Health Consequences of Selling a Kidney in India,” JAMA 288, 13 (October 2002).
Vivekanand Jha, “Paid transplants in India: The Grim Reality,” Nephrol Dial Transplant 19 (2004).
