Reflections on the Nothingness of God
Keywords:
Nothingness of God, John Scottus Eriugena, Meister Eckhart, Nicholas of CusaAbstract
There is a long tradition in Christian history that prizes negative or apophatic approach to the divine. The Cappadocians, especially Gregory of Nyssa, promulgated a rigorous apophatic theology. The fifth-century Eastern monk who wrote under the pseudonym of Dionysius the Areopagite was a true heir of the Cappadocians. John Scottus Eriugena in the ninth century; Meister Eckhart, the Dominican preacher of the early fourteenth century; and Nicholas Cusanus, the Renaissance cardinal of the mid-fifteenth century are prominent figures in this often probed trend of thought or approach to the divine which was shaped by the marriage of Platonic thought and Christian belief that went back to Origen in the third century. After a period of neglect, recent decades have seen a definite “apophatic turn,” on account of the deconstruction trend that swept across various academic avenues.
References
Beierwaltes, Werner (1977) “Negati Affirmatio, or the World as Metaphor: A Foundation for Medieval Aesthetics in the Writings of John Scotus Eriugena,” Dionysius.
Beierwaltes, Werner (1998) “Der verborgene Gott. Cusanus und Dionysius,” in Platonismus im Christentum, Frankfurt: Klostermann.
Bond, Lawrence (1997) Nicholas of Cusa. Selected Spiritual Writings, New York: Paulist Press.
Caputo, John (1975) “The Nothingness of the Intellect in Meister Eckhart’s ‘Parisian Questions’,” The Thomist 39.
Carabine, Deirdre (1992) “Negative Theology in the Thought of St. Augustine,” Recherches de théologie ancienne et médiévale.
Carabine, Deirdre (1995) The Unknown God. Negative Theology in the Platonic Tradition: Plato to Eriugena, Louvain: Peeters.
Carlson, Thomas A. (1999) Indiscretion. Finitude and Naming God, Chicago: University of Chicago.
Corbin, Michel (1985) “Négation et transcendence dans l’oeuvre de Denys,” Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques.
Coward, Harold and Toby Foshay, eds., (1992) Derrida and Negative Theology, Albany: SUNY Press.
Cusa, Nicolai de, Opera omnia (Leipzig-Hamburg: Felix Meiner, 1932- ).
Davies, Brian (2011)Thomas Aquinas on God and Evil, New York: Oxford University Press.
Duclow, Donald F. (2006) Masters of Learned Ignorance: Eriugena, Eckhart, Cusanus, Burlington VT: Ashgate.
Eckhart, Meister (1936- ) Die deutschen und lateinischen Werke, Stuttgart-Berlin: Kohlhammer.
Evans, G. R. (1999) “Evil,” Allan D. Fitzgerald, ed., Augustine through the Ages. An Encyclopedia (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Hasebrink, Burkhard (1998) “Predigt 71: ‘Surrexit autem Saulus,” in Georg Steer and Loris Sturlese, eds., Lectura Eckhardi I, Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.
Hedwig, Karl (1955) “Negatio negationis,” Archiv für Begriffsgeschichte.
Hudson, Nancy (2007) The Doctrine of Theosis in Nicholas of Cusa, Washington DC: Catholic University Press.
Imbach, Ruedi (1976) Deus est Intelligere. Das Verhältnis von Sein und Denken in seiner Bedeuting für das Gottesverständnis bei Thomas von Aquin und in den Pariser Quaestionen Meister Eckharts, Freiburg/Schweiz: Universitätsverlag.
Irlenborn, Bernd (2000) “Der Mensch als zweiter Gott? Anmerkungen zur Imago dei-Lehre in Nikolaus von Kues,” Freiburger Zeitschrift für Philosophie und Theologie 47.
Jeauneau, Éduard (1996-2003) Periphyseon: Iohannis Scotti seu Eriugenae Periphyseon, 5 vols. Turnhout: Brepols.
Kelly, J. N. D. (1964) The Athanasian Creed, New York: Harper & Row.
Kijewska, Agnieszka Roman Majeran, and Harald Schwaetzer, eds., (2011) Eriugena Cusanus, Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL.
Lanzetta, Beverly (1992) “Three Categories of Nothingness in Meister Eckhart,” Journal of Religion 72. Nambara, M. (1960) “Die Idee des absoluten Nichts in der deutschen Mystik und ihre Entsprechungen im Buddhismus,” Archiv für Begriffsgeschichte 6.
Layton,Bentley (1987) The Gnostic Scriptures, Garden City NY: Doubleday & Co.
Lossky, Vladimir (1954) “Les éléments de ‘Théologie négative’ dans la pensée de saint Augustin,” in Augustinus Magister, 3 vols. (Paris: Études Augustiniennes.
Lossky, Vladimir (1960) in Théologie negative et connaissance de Dieu chez Maitre Eckhart, Paris: Vrin.
Luibheid, Colm (1987) Pseudo-Dionysius. The Complete Works, New York: Paulist Press.
Manstetten, Reiner (2001) “Abgescheidenheit. Von der negativen Theologie zur negativen Anthropologie: Nikolaus von Kues und Meister Eckhart,” Theologisches Quartalschrift
Marion, Jean-Luc (2008) “Idipsum: The Name of God according to St. Augustine,” in Aristotle Papanikolau and George Demacopoulos, eds., Orthodox Readings of Augustine, New York: St. Vladimir’s Press.
McEvoy, James (1992) “Biblical and Platonic Measure in John Scottus Eriugena,” in Bernard McGinn and Willemien Otten, eds., Eriugena East and West, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame.
McGinn, Bernard (1977) “The Negative Element in the Anthropology of John the Scot,” in René Roques, ed., Jean Scot Érigène et l’histoire de la philosophie, Paris: CNRS.
McGinn, Bernard (2002) The Mystical Thought of Meister Eckhart, New York: Crossroad.
McGinn, Bernard (2003) “Sermo XXIX: ‘Deus Unus Est’,” in Georg Steer and Loris Sturlese, eds., Lectura Eckhardi II, Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.
McGinn, Bernard (2006) ed., The Essential Writings of Christian Mysticism, New York: Random House.
McGinn, Bernard (2011) “Néant,” Marie-Anne Vannier, ed., Encyclopédie des mystiques rhénanes. D’Eckhart à Nicolaus de Cues et leur reception, Paris: Éditions du Cerf.
McGinn, Bernard (2013) “Hidden God and Hidden Self: The emergence of apophatic anthropology in Christian mysticism,” in April DeConick and Grant Adamson, eds., Histories of the Hidden God: Concealment and Revelation in Western Gnostic, Esoteric, and Mystical Traditions, Durham: Acumen Publishing.
Milem, Bruce (1997) “Four Theories of Negative Theology,” Heythrop Journal 48: 187-204. Talking about Sells, Michael (1994) Mystical Languages of Unsaying, Chicago: University of Chicago.
Mojsisch, Burkhard (1991) “Nichts und Negation: Meister Eckhart und Nikolaus von Kues,” in B. Mojsisch, ed., Historia medii aevi: Studien zur Geschichte der Philosophie des Mittelalters, 2 vols. Amsterdam.
Mojsisch, Burkhard (1998) “The Otherness of God as Coincidence, Negation and Not-Otherness in Nicholas of Cusa: An Explanation and Critique,” in O. F. Summerell, ed., The Otherness of God, Charlottesville: University of Virginia.
Mortley, Raoul (1987) “II. The First Christian negative theology: Justin and Clement,” in Mortley, From Word to Silence II. The way of negation, Christian and Greek, Bonn: Peter Hanstein.
O’Meara, John (1987) Eriugena. Periphyseon (Division of Nature) Montreal-Washington: Bellarmin-Dumbarton Oaks.
Otten, Willemien (1991) The Anthropology of Johannes Scottus Eriugena, Leiden: E.J. Brill.
Ruh, Kurt (1984) “Textkritik zum Mystikerlied ‘Granum Sinapis’,” in Ruh, Kleine Schriften. Band II. Scholastik und Mystik im Spätmittelalter, Berlin-New York: Walter de Gruyter.
Saget, Charles (1994) “Non-être et Néant chez Maître Eckhart,” Emilie Zum-Bruun, ed., Voici Maître Eckhart, Geneva: Jêrome Millon.
Tobin, Frank (1986) in Bernard McGinn, Meister Eckhart. Teacher and Preacher, New York: Paulist Press.
Turner, Denys (1995) The Darkness of God. Negativity in Christian Mysticism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Turner, Denys (2004) Faith, Reason and the Existence of God, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Vannier, M.-A. (1993) “Création et negativité chez Eckhart,” Revue des sciences religieuses 67
Vansteenberghe, Fernand (1915) Autour de la docte ignorance. Une controverse sur la théologie mystique au XVe siècle, Münster: Aschendorff.
Watts, Pauline Moffit (1982) Nicholas of Cusa. A Fifteenth-Century Vision of Man, Leiden: E. J. Brill. Dupré, Wilhelm (2006) “The Image of God. Some Remarks on the Meaning of Perfection and World Formation,” in Peter Casarella, ed., Cusanus. The Legacy of Learned Ignorance, Washington: Catholic University.
Zum Bruun, Emilie (1993) “Dieu comme Non-être d’après Maître Eckhart,” Revue des sciences religieuses 67.