JUDAISM AND THE SANCTITY OF LIFE

Abstract

In Judaism, the principle of the sanctity of life is embodied in a specific Rabbinical concept called "Pikuach Nefesh. Pikuach Nefesh" which can be translated as "in consideration of human life" has a vital role in Judaism. In times of emergency "Pikuach Nefesh" gives us the authority to waive obligations that are normally binding. For example, we may invoke "Pikuach Nefesh" when we find it necessary to suspend the prohibition against lighting fires on the Sabbath, or eating food on the fast day of Atonement when, because of grave illness, the strict observance of these prohibitions threatens human life. There are, of course, limits to the efficacy of this principle. We may not invoke it during those crises when we might be forced to decide between giving up our faith or our lives. On such occasions the Jew has been obligated to accept martyrdom. But for the most part the principle of "Pikuach Nefesh," prevails. "Pikuach Nefesh" is a declaration for life. It is derived from the Biblical Verse, ' 'Ye Shall therefore keep my statutes and my ordinances which if a man do so he shall live by them"