RE-EVALUATING EMPEROR ASOKA :A Relational Contract Theory Explanation for Economic Transformation

Authors

  • Gerard Rassendren Christ (Deemed to be) University
  • Sheetal Bharat Christ (Deemed to be) University

Keywords:

Asoka, Economic Transformation, Edicts, Enforcement, ncompleteness, Iteration, Relational Contracts

Abstract

Emperor Asoka’s rein is considered an important era in ancient Indian history because of the vastness of his empire and the Buddhist elements in his administration. We propose that in addition to these reasons for highlighting Asoka’s rein, there is an important economic argument as well. It was during the century or two around Asoka’s rule that the subcontinent’s economy underwent a transformation from a simple pastoral-agricultural economy to a more mature economy with large scale production, specialisation and trade. The element that Asoka introduced into the social relations in his empire is Buddha’s Dhamma, which formed and strengthened relational contracts. A key feature of relational contracts is incompleteness of arrangements that is managed by social iterations and formal and informal enforcement mechanisms. Each of these is reflected in Asoka’s edicts, the earliest surviving writing samples from the subcontinent. Asoka planned for these measures to ensure political and economic stability. In addition, he also laid the most important foundational material in a rather unique way for all future economic transformations.

Author Biographies

Gerard Rassendren, Christ (Deemed to be) University

Gerard Rassendren is an Associate Professor in the Department of Economics, Christ University, and his areas of research interests are Economic History, History of Economic Thought and Political Economy.

Sheetal Bharat, Christ (Deemed to be) University

Sheetal Bharat is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Economics, Christ University. Her research is in the areas of history of economic thought, economic history and development economics.

References

Irfan Habib and Vivekanand Jha, A People’s History of India 4: Mauryan India, New Delhi: Aligarh Historians Society, Tulika, 2009, 6.

Uma Chakravarti, Everyday Lives, Everyday Histories: Beyond the Kings and Brahmanas of Ancient India, New Delhi: Tulika, 2006, 76.

Journal of Dharma 42, 2 (April-June 2017)

Rangarajan, Kautilya: The Arthashastra, New Delhi: Penguin, 1992, vii.

Robert Heilbroner, The Worldly Philosophers: The Lives, Times and Ideas of the Great Economic Thinkers, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1986, 19.

Nayanjot Lahiri, Ashoka in Ancient India, Ranikhet: Permanent Black, 2015, 138.

Jawaharlal Nehru, The Discovery of India, London: Meridian, 1956, 73, 108-111. Thapar, Penguin History, Penguin, UK 62.

Abhijit Banerjee, Lakshmi Iyer, and Rohini Somanathan, “History,Social Divisions, and Public Goods in Rural India,” Journal of the European Economic Association 3, 2-3 (2005), 641.

Romila Thapar, Ashoka and the Decline of the Mauryas, New Delhi: Oxford University Publication, 2012, 74.

Chakravarti, Kings and Brahmanas, 93. Nehru, Discovery of India,109.

Vincent A. Smith, Asoka, the Buddhist Emperor of India, New Delhi: Low Price Publications, 2013, 160.

Richard Fick, The Social Organisation in North-East India in Buddha’s Time, Memphis: General Books LLC, 2010, 253, 305.

Ian R Macneil, “Reflections on Relational Contract,” Zeitschrift für die gesamte Staatswissenschaft/Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, H. 4, 1985, 541.

Gillian K Hadfield, “Problematic Relations: Franchising and the Law of Incomplete Contracts,” Stanford Law Review (1990), 927.

Ian R Macneil, “Values in Contract: Internal and External,” North Western University Law Review 78 (1983), 342-343.

Robert Hahnel, The ABCs of Political Economy, London: Pluto, 2002, 13.

The Economic Institutions of Capitalism, New York: Free Press, 1985; Arthur Taylor von Mehren and James Russel Gordley, The Civil Law System, Boston and Toronto: Little Brown, 1977.

Mark Granovetter, Getting a Job: A Study of Contacts and Careers, Chicago: University of Chicago, 1995, 220.

Ian R Macneil, “The Many Futures of Contracts.” Southern California Law Review 47 (1973), 753.

Von Mehren and Gordley, Civil Law, Chapter 11.

Williamson, The Economic Institutions of Capitalism, 61. Journal of Dharma 42, 2 (April-June 2017)

Downloads

Published

2017-06-29

How to Cite

Rassendren, G. ., & Bharat, S. . (2017). RE-EVALUATING EMPEROR ASOKA :A Relational Contract Theory Explanation for Economic Transformation . Journal of Dharma, 42(2), 179–200. Retrieved from https://dvkjournals.in/index.php/jd/article/view/241

Most read articles by the same author(s)