THE PROBLEM OF JUSTIFYING THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF RELIGION

Authors

  • Robert A. Delfino St. John’s University

Keywords:

Human Rights, Global Community, Natural Law, Ethical Rationalism, Alan Gewirth, Jacques Maritain

Abstract

The topic of human rights is one of the most important questions in philosophy. It demands urgent attention because, sadly, the violation of human rights is both a common and global phenomenon. Many different types of human rights violations exist, but in this paper I want to focus exclusively on the persecution of people because of their religious beliefs. Consider, to take just a few contemporary examples, China’s harsh treatment of Tibetan Buddhists, Uighur Muslims, Christians, and Falun Gong members, the Sudan’s genocide against Christians and other nonMuslims, Iran’s torture and execution of Baha’is and Christians, and North Korea’s almost complete suppression of religious freedom.

Author Biography

Robert A. Delfino , St. John’s University

Robert A. Delfino is an Assistant Professor of Philosophy at St. John’s University, Staten Island, New York, USA. He received his Ph.D. from the State University of New York at Buffalo.

References

Annual Report of the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, 2 May 2005. http://www.uscirf.gov/countries/publications/ currentreport/ index.html.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), Article 18.

Mary Ann Glendon, “Reflections on the UDHR,” First Things 82 (April 1998), 24.

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Alasdair MacIntyre, After Virtue, 2nd ed., South Bend, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1984, 69-70.

Mark C. Murphy, “MacIntyre’s Political Philosophy,” Alasdair MacIntyre, ed. Mark C. Murphy, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003, 152-175.

Chris Brown, “Universal Human Rights: A Critique,” Human Rights in Global Politics, ed. Tim Dunne and Nicholas J. Wheeler, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999, 103-127.

Brian Tierney, The Idea of Natural Rights: Studies on Natural Rights, Natural Law, and Church Law 1150-1625, Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2001), 343-348.

William E. Arnal, “Definition” in Guide to the Study of Religion, ed. Willi Braun and Russell T. McCutcheon, London and New York: Cassell, 2000, 21-34.

T. Jeremy Gunn, “The Complexity of Religion and the Definition of ‘Religion’ in International Law,” Harvard Human Rights Journal 16 (Spring 2003), 189-215.

Thomas D. Williams, Who is My Neighbour? Personalism and the Foundations of Human Rights, Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2005, 13.

Thomas Aquinas, Summa theologiae, I-II, 90, 4, responsio, trans. Thomas Gilby, Blackfriars Edition, New York-London: McGraw-Hill, 1964-1969, 28: 17.

Thomas Aquinas, De Ente et Essentia, chap. 1, in On Being and Essence, trans. Armand Maurer, 2nd. ed., Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1968, 32.

Jacques Maritain, La loi naturelle ou loi non écrite, in Natural Law: Reflections on Theory and Practice, ed. William Sweet, South Bend, IN: St. Augustine’s Press, 2001, 28.

Jacques Maritain, Man and the State, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951, 95.

Aristotle, Metaphysics, book I, in The Basic Works of Aristotle, ed. Richard McKeon, New York: Random House, 1941, 689.

David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature, book III, part I, section I, ed. L. A. Selby-Bigge, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978, 469.

Damien Keown, “Are There ‘Human Rights’ in Buddhism?” Journal of Buddhist Ethics 2 (1995), 12-13.

Alan Gewirth, Reason and Morality, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978, 135.

Alan Gewirth, “Introduction,” in Human Rights, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982, 20.

Alan Gewirth, “Replies to My Critics,” in Gewirth’s Ethical Rationalism: Critical Essays with a Reply by Alan Gewirth, ed. Edward Regis, Jr., Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984, 226.

Deryck Beyleveld has collected many of these arguments in The Dialectical Necessity of Morality: An Analysis and Defense of Alan Gewirth’s Argument to the Principle of Generic Consistency, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.

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Published

2006-03-31

How to Cite

A. Delfino , R. (2006). THE PROBLEM OF JUSTIFYING THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF RELIGION. Journal of Dharma, 31(1), 51–65. Retrieved from https://dvkjournals.in/index.php/jd/article/view/505